Importance, scope & objectives of Extension Education

Importance, scope & objectives of Extension Education

Importance:

1.    Extension uses democratic methods in educating the farmers.

2.    Extension Helps in adoption of innovations.

3.    Extension helps in studying and solving the rural problems.

4.    Extension increases farm yields and improve the standard of living of farmers

5.    Extension makes good communities better and progressive.

6.    Extension contributes to national development programmes

Scope:

It includes all activities of rural development. So extension programmes should be dynamic and flexible. The areas indicating scope of Extension are listed below:

1.    Increasing efficiency in agricultural production.

2.    Increasing  efficiency  in marketing, distribution and  utilization of agricultural inputs and outputs

3.    Conservation, development and use of natural resources.

4.    Proper farm and home management

5.    Better family living.

6.    Youth development.

7.    Leadership development.

8.    Community and rural development.

9.    Improving public affairs for all round development.

Objectives:

1.    To raise the standard of living of the rural people by helping them in right use of their resources.

2.    To help in planning and implementing the family and village plans for increasing production in various occupations.

3.    To provide facilities for better family living.

Specific Objectives

1.    To provide knowledge and help for better management of farms and increase incomes.

2.    To encourage the farmers to grow his own food, eat well and live well.

3.    To promote better social, natural recreational intellectual and spiritual file among the people.

4.    To help rural families in better appreciation of SWOT in the village.

5.    To open new opportunities for developing talents and leadership of rural people.

6.    To build rural citizens who are:

1.    Proud of their occupation

2.    Independent in thinking.

3.    Constructive in outlook.

4.    capable, efficient and self-reliant in character

5.    having love of home and country m their heart

Introduction of Sociology

What is Sociology?

The word sociology is derived from the Latin ward. Socius literally meaning friend, companion, associates but in broader sence group or society and the Greek Word logus means science or study. Thus sociology means basically as a science or study of Society.

According to Rogers, sociology is defined as a study of ways in which social experiences function in developing, maturing, refressing human beings through interpersonal stimulation. Some important definitions of sociology have been given by different sociologists are as follows.

Kimball young defines sociology as a systematically and orderly study of man in society that is of group life and of the customs, traditions, institutions, and ways of thinking and living which are linked to group life.

R. M. Maclver has defined sociology as the study of the nature of the human relationship. It is the study of human relationship between the individuals. It aims at the discovery of the principles of cohesion and harmony in a social structure, which conditions the activities of social individuals.

J. B.Gitter has defined “Sociology as the study of forms and processes of human togetherness”. Sociology stidies  basic principle of human associations.

According to F.H. Fiddings "Sociology is the science of associations of minds, sociology tries to explain the origin growth and structure of society."

Sociology helps us in understanding society, its various institutions human relationship and their manifestation man's social interactions, and socialization. From the above definitions we get three views about what is sociology i.e. sociology is the science of society, it is a study of social relationships and it is a study of the form of social relationships. When the field of sociology is limited to a particular area it can be named as:

1. Urban Sociology : Dealing with urban peoples
2. Rural Sociology: Dealing with rural people.
3. Industrial Sociology: Dealing with industrial people
4. Sociology of family & so on.

5.    Rural Sociology

6.    Rural sociology it is made of two terms. Rural arid sociology, sociology it is limited to the study of various aspects of rural society, Rural area where agriculture is the main occupation of the people. Rural area is the area where population is less than 5000.

7.    Rural sociology studies the rural life and the development in rural life. Rural sociology is the science, which studies the structure and functioning of rural society. Different sociologist and social thinkers have defined rural sociology in different ways.

8.    As defined by Sanderson "Rural sociology is the sociology of rural life in the rural environment.

9.    Bertrand in its broadest definition, defined rural sociology is the study of human relationship in rural environment.

10. According to F Stant Chapin has defined "The sociology of rural life is the study of rural population, rural social organization and the social processes operative in rural society".

11. Supporting this view T. L. Smith says "Some investigators study social phenomenon that are present only in or largely confined to the rural environment to persons engaged in agricultural occupation. Such sociological facts and principles as are derived from the study of the rural social relationship may be referred to as rural sociology".

12. According to A. R. Desai "Rural sociology is the science of rural society. The laws of the structure and development of rural governing society"

13. Rural sociology is the study of the sociology of life in rural environment which systematically studies rural communities to discover heir conditions and tendencies and to formulate to discover principles of progress. Rural sociology is therefore the study of rural environment and social facts and social interactions that are found in rural society. As a scientific study it studies the social organizations, structures and set up. It provides us in that knowledge about the rural social phenomenon which can helps us in making contribution to the development of rural sociology